Bending Basics: The fundamentals of how to bend metal
WEBJan 2, 2014 · Bending and Forming. Figure 1: A plate’s grains run parallel to the rolling direction. While sheet metal gauges run from 0.005 to 0.249 inch thick, aluminum and steel plate thicknesses start at 0.250 in. and go all the way up to 13 in. or even more. Likewise, plate steel varies in strengths from mild varieties to some very high-strength ...
Identifying the right welding and cutting torch tips
WEBOct 9, 2003 · The tip of a welding or cutting torch is where the action is (see Figure 1). Welding tips usually produce positive pressure (higher than 1 pound per square inch [PSI]) and are used at equal pressures of acetylene and oxygen. These single-hole copper-alloy tips are attached to a torch handle equipped with a mixer that mixes the fuel with the ...
Sheet metal bending calculation basics - The Fabricator
WEBNov 9, 2012 · Sheet Metal Bending Calculation. Bend Allowance (BA) BA = [ (0.017453 × Inside radius) + (0.0078 × Material thickness)] × Bend angle, which is always complementary. The length of the neutral axis is calculated as a bend allowance, taken at 50 percent of the material thickness.
5 steps for proper weld preparation - The Fabricator
WEBNov 25, 2020 · Enter the grinding stroke on a pull rather than on a push to help control the aggression of the grinding wheel. Grind in line with the material using smooth, even strokes rather than short, choppy strokes. This provides effective results with coated abrasives and bonded abrasives. • Avoid arm grinding.
Tube bending basics: How to bend tubing and metal pipe - The …
WEBFeb 24, 2014 · Specialty tube bending processes abound, some old and some new. Most tubes, though, are bent one of four ways: ram-type bending, roll bending, compression bending, or rotary draw bendin g. Figure 1. Pipe is specified by its nominal pipe size, while tube is specified by its outside diameter.
Guidelines for tungsten electrode and color types - The Fabricator
WEBMar 7, 2006 · Editor's note: To read an update regarding tungsten electrodes guidelines, click here. Tungsten is a rare metallic element used for manufacturing gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) electrodes. The GTAW process relies on tungsten's hardness and high-temperature resistance to carry the welding current to the arc. Tungsten has the highest melting point of any metal, 3,410 degrees Celsius.
ASME and AWS welding codes—Similarities and differences - The …
WEBAug 26, 2008 · The most obvious difference between ASME Section IX and AWS D1.1 is that D1.1 addresses fabrication, erection, inspection, and welder and welding procedure qualification. ASME is specifically for welder and welding procedure qualification. A "code of construction," such as ASME Section VIII, Division I, must be used in …
6 steps to successful brazing - The Fabricator
WEBMar 7, 2006 · Step 1: Ensure good fit and proper clearances. Brazing uses capillary action to distribute molten filler metal between the surfaces of the base metals. So when you're brazing, maintain a clearance between the base metals to allow capillary action to work most effectively. In almost all cases, this means a close clearance.
K-factors, Y-factors, and press brake bending precision - The …
WEBMar 7, 2018 · Calculating K-factors. The K-factor is defined mathematically as t/Mt, where t is the neutral axis location and Mt is the material thickness. Because of the specific properties of any given metal, there is no easy way to calculate that value perfectly, hence the chart in Figure 2.
Die Basics 101: Forming operations - The Fabricator
WEBJun 14, 2005 · Bending and Forming. Figure 1. Embossing. All forming operations deform sheet material by exposing it to tension, compression, or both. Most part defects, such as splits and wrinkles, occur in forming operations. Successful sheet metal forming relies heavily on the metal's mechanical properties. The …
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